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The following article was published in our article directory on November 29, 2009.
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The Science Behind Hydrogen Hybrid Cars- The Electrolysis Of Water:

Article Category: Automotive

The term "hybrid" is generally used to explain a car, sports utility vehicle (SUV), truck or bus that has a conventional internal combustion engine, which runs on gasoline or diesel fuel as well as an electrical system to facilitate the deceleration and acceleration of the vehicle.

A Hydrogen Hybrid Car is a vehicle that uses up Hydrogen as its onboard fuel for motive power. A hybrid vehicle associates with a conventional propulsion system with a rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) to achieve better fuel economy than a normal vehicle. Hydrogen in its natural state does not performs as a fuel source because un- oxidised Hydrogen does not exist in nature. It has to be acquired by other means. In this way, the power plants of such vehicles change the chemical energy of hydrogen to mechanical energy through electrolysis of water.

The concept of electrolysis is dated back to 1789 when Jan Rudolph Deiman and Adriaan Paets van Troostwijk used an electrostatic machine to generate electricity and discharged it into gold electrodes placed in a Leyden jar filled with water. Then in 1800, Alessandro Volta invented the voltaic pile, and later on William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle used that for the first time for electrolysis of water. After that Zénobe Gramme invented the Gramme Machine in 1869, which became an inexpensive way to create Hydrogen through the electrolysis of water.

The electrolysis of water in Hydrogen Hybrid Cars occurs when an electric current is passed through the water resulting the water (H2O) to break down into its two major components; namely Oxygen (O2) and Hydrogen gas (H2). Furthermore, in industries this method is not entertained for Hydrogen making since it is cost-effictive to make it through fossil fuels.

In Hydrogen Hybrid Cars, this runs by connecting two or more electrodes/plates to an electrical power source. These electrodes or plates are generally made of some metal like aluminum or stainless steel and are immersed in water, which acts as an electrolyte. In this process, the water would be decomposed.

If all the connections are made properly, then Hydrogen gas would be released at the cathode, which is a negatively charged electrode, and oxygen will form on the positively charged electrode named as anode. As in the composition of water, the ratio of Hydrogen to Oxygen is 2 to 1.

Therefore, there would be two Hydrogen molecules produced for every single molecule of oxygen. Thus, the amount of Hydrogen produced would be twice than the amount of Oxygen created in this process. Both these elements are also in turn in proportion to the electrical charge running through the water.

It needs a lot of energy to electrolyse pure water so instead of it, seawater is used or some other impurities are added to water to lower the energy utilization to make these Hydrogen Hybrid Cars. Several catalysts are also used at times to accelerate the process of electrolysis in these cars.

Hydrogen Hybrid cars protect the environment. These hybrid cars can also assist the shallow breathing economy. So in future, these cars have a better scope. All the important car companies are nowadays working on developments in this hybrid car technology.

Keywords: Lexus LS 600h, Lexus GS, Lexus RX 450h, Hybrid Cars, Luxury Convertible,

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