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The following article was published in our article directory on May 17, 2010.
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The History and Types of Printing

Article Category: Marketing

Author Name: Lawrence Reaves

If you think printing is a fairly new technology, you're wrong. Printing isn't merely that inkjet printer connected to your PC. Printing experienced an evolution of methods and techniques that stretched to a millennia before the birth of Jesus Christ.

It was invented more than 3,000 years ago in Mesopotamia. People used it for replicating texts, images and patterns into another block. This method is called 'Block Printing', and is widely used throughout East Asia and the Fertile Crescent. The best known block printing type is the Japanese Ukiyo-e. Mesopotamians on the other hand made use of cylindrical seals where they roll an impress to clay tablets. The method soon spread and was adopted by India, Egypt. Soon block printing found its way to Europe by 1300. It was commonly used for religious images, playing cards and religious books.

Another method of duplication appeared in Europe around 1450, the stencil, although it has been used by the Japanese since the Edo Period. Stencils were being used for duplication and mass publication, where type doesn't have to be written manually.

The movable type was one of the best inventions in history, attributed by Johannes Gutenburg in 1439. However, it has been known that the movable type has been around in China since 1040, but it was soon abandoned for the reason being the enormous Chinese character set. The Movable type, however, was very influential in Europe, where every Bible and religious books have to be painstakingly handwritten by monks before. Compared to wood block printing, the movable type was quicker, more uniform and more durable. It soon rapidly spread across Europe, which later led to the Renaissance, and then around the world.

The flat bed printing press is an improvement of Gutenberg's invention, becoming the sole progenitor of the modern movable type in the 15th century. It was however superseded by offset printing.

Offset printing is a widely used method and still being used until now, where the inked image is transferred from a plate to a rubber blanket, and then to the printing surface. Using the lithographic process (where oil repels water), the offset method produces a flat image of oil based ink from ink rollers, while the non printing area attracts water and thus remaining ink free. Aside from offset, other methods of printing came to place, namely intaglio, lithography, silkscreen, flexography and chromolithography.

The modern forms of printing seen and used every day didn't come until the 2nd part of the 20th century. The photocopier, a staple in schools and offices, came in the 1960s, which was introduced by Xerox.

The laser printer made its appearance in 1969, again invented by Xerox. It was a fully functional printer system used for printing high volume documents like invoices and mailing bills. Other printers for the personal computer appeared, including the dot matrix printer and inkjet printer.

Printing is taken for granted so many times, but without it, it wouldn't have been possible for to read and get educated. Knowledge would have been limited to the select few. The invention of printing has essentially, aided the spread of knowledge among the many.

Keywords: cheap printing, printing company, brochure printing, printing, online printing

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