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The following article was published in our article directory on January 17, 2011.
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A High Cost Of Living Adjust Population Scale

Article Category: Business

Author Name: xia zihui

An extra large city of problem is the world population urbanization process, a difficult problems. In recent years, Beijing urban population scale continuous high rise, the over-rapid growth of the population seriously affects the sustainable development of Beijing, formed to traffic congestion, employment intense, housing difficulties, water resources, environmental pollution and so on city's problem. Tokyo, Japan as a world-class metropolis, in its rapid economic growth has with the rapid development of urbanization, faced with Beijing now similar to the population problem. Faced with the severe population expansion problem, Tokyo government without limiting the population and the labor force to the free flow of circumstances, starting from the urban development strategy height, adopt various effective policy measures to guide and evacuation population, has achieved good effect, its experience is worth using for reference.

Through data comparison (see chart below) can see, Beijing area is the Tokyo area 7.6 times, downtown area is 2.2 times of downtown Tokyo, At present the total population of Beijing has also greatly exceed the total population of Beijing Tokyo, but every square kilometers population density than Tokyo. Therefore, compared with Tokyo, Beijing has larger development space. Urban development space are concerned, Beijing, tianjin and hebei metropolis circle (Beijing, tianjin and hebei metropolis circle planning has not been come on stage, the composition of Beijing, tianjin and hebei metropolis circle most pressing "8 + 2" mode, which includes: hebei province shijiazhuang, qinhuangdao, tangshan, langfang, baoding, cangzhou, zhangjiakou chengde altogether 8 prefectures and Beijing, tianjin two municipalities directly under the central government) higher than the population of the Tokyo metropolitan circle, but the size of its economy, per capita GDP and circle the city development level are and Tokyo metropolitan circle gap. Beijing, tianjin and hebei metropolis circle of cooperation is still in the start-up stage, the population of Beijing into great pressure.

The data shows that the population of Beijing and Tokyo are scale changes with economic growth, urbanization course coincide. Shintarou population development experiences roughly restore growth (1945-1955 Renaissance period), the postwar rapid growth (1955-1970 economic rapid growth) and steady growth (1970-1990), negative steady economic growth (since 1990s economic bubble periods and counter urbanization period), slow growth (in the late 1990s "again the urbanization period") five stages. We in combination with many statistical data and related research results, show that Beijing population development can be divided into band push the high (founding - the 1950s), low wandering (1960s), minuetto rebounded (1970s - in the 1980s), rapid growth (after 1990s - now) four stages. Thus, Tokyo, Japan, 1955 to 1970 and Beijing after 1990s until 2010 of the population scale evolution situation more approximation, Tokyo from 1955 to 1970 experience is particularly worth using for reference.

Tokyo and Beijing population migration status of comparison

Tokyo population migration patterns of change, mainly by Japan in the adjustment of industrial structure and "industrial KongDongHua" and the world of urbanization development of influence. Tokyo population migration variations mainly has experienced two relatively complete cycle. The first cycle since 1955 start by 1975 end, lasts about 20 years. This period of rapid economic growth is Tokyo and population rapidly expanding period, has been doing for population net ingoing, roughly into the 1960s initial successively reach maximum. Population, labor intensive, make land price rises, environmental degradation, cost of living increase, thus inhibiting population into exile and gradually reduce through mid 1970s, especially in the Tokyo metropolitan circle of the population migration slowed almost to a standstill, net ingoing scale close to zero value. The second cycle is in the late 1970s began in the early 1990s to end. This cycle is Japan's economy industry upgrade stage, marunouchi appeared in large corporations centralization, financial information industry professionals agglomeration, manufacturing proportion greatly reduce the phenomenon, so with the first period, compared to the periodic continuous time is short, the net ingoing in small scale, and generally high quality of personnel. In the mid 1990s, after Japan seems to have entered a new still with Tokyo "a very concentrated" as the main characteristics of the population migration cycle. Overall, Tokyo population migration change relatively flat, Tokyo's net ingoing downward trend. On the move free market system, the population migration system has the function of automatic adjustment.

Beijing is a typical city of immigrants, its population development stage, change curve and Beijing's population policy, the household registration system evolution highly relevant, the population migration present multifarious, unstable characteristics. The 20th century before the 1990s, Beijing resident population growth in a natural growth and domiciliary migration growth primarily, floating population quantity, nature and direction by administrative means intervention. After 1990s, with the deepening of reform and opening-up and the rapid development of urbanization, the household register transfer system by strengthening, weakening to gradually lost, floating population influx, Beijing resident population changes occur in characteristics: Beijing resident population growth often break planning objectives. 2 it is floating population growth gradually become Beijing resident population growth is the main factor. Three is floating population in Beijing retention time was significantly longer, floating population not flow, permanent tendency is more and more obvious. The fourth is floating population origin extensive, young and middle-aged majority, employment structure by the third industries, including engaged in wholesale, retail trade, catering bearer, the higher percentage of social service floating population. Five is floating population in agriculture and non-agricultural class education degree by existing population before after high status. Low Six is floating population regional distribution, appear to be highly uneven. The capital of floating population density functional area biggest cities, while the floating population expanded function largest scale.

Tokyo cope with the urban population problem, the main experience

Regarding the urban population guidance and evacuation, Tokyo, Japan is the population problem in the height of the urban development strategy for overall consideration. With Tokyo post-war reconstruction, urban rapid development, various kinds of "city" disease arises at the historic moment, among them because the population expansion bring all sorts of problems is "big cities disease" a centralized embodiment. Control the size of city or development robust megalopolis had become a let Tokyo urban managers have a headache's dilemma, in economic growth environment, develop an extra large city view once a head start. But in Tokyo in 1964 Olympic preparations in the process of development ideas, Tokyo's jump out of the"

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