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SpinDistribute.com Article Directory

The following article was published in our article directory on June 5, 2013.
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Concrete Slump - What About It?

Article Category: Advice

Author Name: Dennis Graziano

What does a concrete slump mean? Or better yet, what is a slump? Addressing the latter answer first should start the discussion on the right foot.

Simply defined, a slump is how you measure consistencies of freshly made concrete. It is a simple test using the slump cone, a 12-inch high circular cone filled with fresh concrete through 3 equal layers. Using a bullet-tipped rod with � inch in diameter, each of these layers will be stroked about 25 times to gather data.

Once the cone is filled with concrete and the top leveled off, raise the cone vertically to allow the concrete inside to fall downwards. You can compute the concrete slump with the distance the concrete falls down from its original height. Measure and report it by inches, specifically to the nearest � inch.

In the past, when concrete was solely composed of cement, water and aggregate, the coarse aggregate is what determines the water content in the concrete mix, with the water determining the slump. A lower slump value back them would mean having low water content. This also indicated much higher concrete quality.

Concrete these days is not only a careful blend of the three main ingredients; it is now a strong and rich mix that contains fibers, admixtures, and even polymers to improve concrete strength. This tells us that the coarse aggregate component is not the only factor that determines the water concrete inside the modern concrete. What this means is that the slump is not the ideal tool when determining a concrete mix's water content.

By factoring in modern technological concepts, traditional concrete mix designs with the 2-inch slump has the tendency to record higher water content than when using a modern mix design, which is made available using a 9-inch slump containing a chemical superplasticizer.

A stone, water and sand mixture without the cement component does not behave like concrete, even if you add more water. This is so since the cement is responsible for concrete's flowing properties. Dispersing cement grains using chemical means the superplasticizer allows the cement to boost its lubricant properties, which should also increase slump without having to add more water into the mix.

The introduction of chemical admixtures means the concrete slump can now be characterized as water or a plasticized slump. If water content is the only basis in determining the slump, then what you have is a water slump. If the water content is determined through chemical admixture effects, then this is considered a plasticized slump.

Whatever we put into our concrete mix will influence the slump test. As air content is increased, you can also expect the slump to increase as well. The presence of fibers decreases the slump. Since these factors affect the slump, you have to account for them every time you design your concrete mix so you will end up with a good, workable slump.

The best conditions that stimulate concrete slump workability/consolidation is achieving 4 to 5 inches slump. Since the slump values within the 1-2 inch range are hard to place and consolidate, be careful not to venture too far with a 6 inch value since you will end up with excessive bleeding water.

Keywords: reinforcing concrete, concrete admixtures, welded wire, synthetic mesh, concrete cracks, concrete slump, pouring a concrete slab

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