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The following article was published in our article directory on July 3, 2014.
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Neodymium Magnets versus Samarium-Cobalt Magnets

Article Category: Arts and Crafts

Author Name: Nick Bugeja

The highest type of permanent magnets ever to be made and utilized is the rare earth magnet. It's primarily strong because of its composition, being made from alloys of rare earth materials. Rare earth magnets play a significant role in several industries because of their apparent stronger magnetic fields as compared to alnico and ferrite magnets.

Rare earth magnets are classified into two types, namely: neodymium magnets and samarium-cobalt magnets. Now, there are a lot of differences between the two types, and these two are often compared when it comes to functionality and durability in applications.

When it comes to humid environments, neodymium magnets require surface treatments to prevent corrosion. Corrosion can be a huge problem to them. As for Samarium-Cobalt magnets, surface treatment is not necessary because they do not oxidize.

In a hydrogen rich atmosphere, hydrogenation occurs. This may cause neodymium magnets to crumble into powder form. Samarium-Cobalt magnets do not have known unfavorable effects involving hydrogen.

If cost is the issue, neodymium magnets are generally cheaper than Samarium-Cobalt magnets.

While neodymiums can be damaged by gamma rays and any kind of radiation, Samarium-Cobalt magnets are safe mainly because they're stable in environments with radiation.

The mechanical strength of neodymium is strong while Samarium is brittle.

Neodymiums can achieve higher energy products than Samarium-Cobalt magnets can, with N52 magnets as the most known and highest grade available for commercial use.

When it comes to cryogenic temperatures, Samarium-Cobalt magnets are advanced, for they work well in such temperatures. As to neodymiums, there are only a few specific and specially formulated grades that can be used.

Neodymium magnets are starting to be employed popularly in applications concerning the aerospace department. They are successfully used on missiles, aircrafts, and satellite programs, whether they are plated with surface treatments or not. Samarium-Cobalt magnets have a fairly popular use in aerospace applications as well, also being used in defense applications and they have a historical use in military. However, neodymiums are preferred more in this aspect.

Surface treatment and careful measures are to be applied on neodymiums when used for high salinity environments and open seas. Unlike neodymium, Samarium-Cobalt magnets are perfectly stable in this kind of environment.

In acid and alkaline environments, Samarium-Cobalt magnets are still more stable than neodymiums but tests on qualification are to be observed.

Neodymiums are mechanically stable on thin-walled and thin cross-section applications, while Samarium-Cobalt magnets are not made for applications that require considerably thin magnets.

Sintering large blocks of Samarium-Cobalt magnets can be very challenging, while it is completely possible and attainable with neodymiums.

Regarding Nickel plating, only electrolytic nickel is available for neodymium magnets while both electroless and electrolytic nickel plating is available for Samarium.

A lot of these comparisons show that neodymium is naturally unstable and more disadvantageous than Samarium-Cobalt. They may have considerably varying properties which place them in different positions in functionality and durability, but they are still both rare earth magnets that should show magnetic strengths that are higher than those of other magnetic materials.

Keywords: rare earth magnets, neodymium magnets, disc magnets, n52 magnets

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